Case Law Updates

Federal Court. Did the withdrawal of the appellant's visa application occur by operation of s 49 of the Migration Act 1958 (Cth), with the result that: a) no decision was made in order for the withdrawal to take effect; b) there was no failure or refusal on the part of Minister to make a decision in relation to the visa application; c) the Minister did not make a "migration decision"; d) the Federal Circuit and Family Court had no jurisdiction under s 476 of the Act to review the withdrawal?

Federal Court (Full Court). Was the Appellant denied procedural fairness in that "the Minister or the Minister’s delegate decided to exercise the cancellation power in s 501(3A) rather than 501(2) [of the Migration Act 1958 (Cth)] when the latter requires the person affected to be given an opportunity to be heard before the power is exercised whereas the former does not"?

Federal Court. Are the factors in cl 8.1.1of Direction 90 "exhaustive in the sense of being a closed universe of considerations going to the question of the nature and seriousness of a non-citizen’s conduct"? Can it be said that a reference by an administrative decision-maker to "the balance of probabilities may sometimes properly inform some aspect of the process of reaching the correct or preferable decision, but that there are dangers in taking that approach as it may lead to error"? Is cl 9.4.1(2)(a)(i) only 'causally linked' to cl 9.4.1(2)(a), not to cl 9.4.1(2)(b)?

Federal Court. Rule in Browne v Dunn: "if you intend to impeach a witness you are bound, whilst he is in the [witness] box, to give him an opportunity of making any explanation which is open to him". Does that rule apply to Tribunal decisions? Further, according to the hearsay rule, out-of-court representations made by a person are not admissible to prove the existence of a fact that it can reasonably be supposed that the person intended to assert by the representations, with exceptions. Does the hearsay rule apply to Tribunal decisions? We summarise the answer to these and several other questions.

Federal Court (Full Court). This decision confirms that, when a decision-maker is balancing various factors in determining whether a criterion is satisfied and finds that such a criterion is not satisfied, the fact that it found one of those factors to go in favour of satisfying the criterion does not mean that an error in the assessment of that factor was not material to the outcome of the decision. After all, more weight could have been attributed to that factor, had the error not been made, which could have led to the criterion being satisfied.

Federal Court. In Thornton, the High Court held that, as the non-citizen's finding of guilt in Queensland was made without recording of a conviction, his offending as a minor was an irrelevant consideration under s 501CA(4) of the Migration Act 1958 (Cth). Should Thornton be extended to Victorian offences?

Federal Court (Full Court). Is the power in s 501BA(2) of the Migration Act 1958 (Cth) subject to an implied limitation that it be exercised within a reasonable period of time after the original decision?

Federal Court: the A-G declined to recommend to the Governor-General that the Applicant be pardoned and to refer her case to the Queensland Court of Appeal. Were those decisions by the A-G judicially reviewable? Why this decision matters to our clients: under s 501(10) of the Migration Act 1958, a conviction is to be disregarded for the purposes of the character test if the person has been pardoned or the conviction has been quashed.

High Court. Should the circumstances in ss 473DD(b)(i) and (ii) be factored into s 473DD(a)? Is the IAA required to consider the conditions in ss 473DD(b)(i) and (ii) before considering s 473DD(a)? If not, would it at least be efficient and prudent for the IAA to consider first the conditions in ss 473DD(b)(i) and (ii) and only then consider s 473DD(a) if one or both of those conditions is satisfied?

Federal Court. Is the exercise of the power in s 501BA(2) of the Migration Act 1958 (Cth) "subject to a requirement that it be exercised within a reasonable time having regard to the purpose for which the power was conferred and the circumstances in which it falls to be exercised by the Minister"? Is the Minister required to consider the effect of any delay in making a decision under s 501BA?